Treatable Intellectual Disability

Hunter Syndrome (MPS II)

BIOCHEMICAL DEFECT

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DIAGNOSIS

Gene
IDS (X-linked)

Diagnostic Test
Urine Glycosaminoglycans

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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Neurological
Dementia, sensorineural hearing loss, white matter abnormalities (MRIscan)

Non-Neurological
Dysmorphisms, corneal clouding, valvular thickening and cardiomyopathy, diarrhea, hepato(-spleno)megaly, dysostoses, very thick hair

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THERAPY

Treatment
Haematopoietic Stemcell Transplantation

Level of Evidence
4-5

Clinical Practice
Individual Basis

Treatment Effect
Stabilizes clinical deterioration; improves systemic manifestations



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Hunter Syndrome (MPS II)

Hunter Syndrome (MPS II)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type 2 (MPS 2) is an X-linked mucopolysaccharidoses. Patients have characteristic coarse facial traits, dysostosis (including atlanto-occipital instability), hernia, and progressive joint contractures. Other systemic manifestations include cardiac valve thickening with variable functional deficits, and obstructive sleep apnea due to storage of mucopolysaccharides in the upper airway system. The clinical picture ranges from severe (the most frequent form) with early psychomotor regression, hydrocepahlus and increased intracranial pressure, to mild with normal cognitive development. Infants are normal at birth, and symptoms appear progressively. Sensory hearing loss contributes to speech delay.

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